山西忻州窑矿软岩巷道锚杆锚索联合支护方案优选

Optimization Selection of the Integrated Supporting Scheme of Anchor Rob and Anchor Rope of Xinzhouyao Coal Mine in Shanxi Province

对山西忻州窑矿北二5#煤层胶带输送机下山的3个试验段(试验段1、2、3)进行了锚杆锚索联合支护试验,对支护施工后的巷道表面位移、顶板离层、锚杆受力等指标进行了监测,以便确定合理的支护方案。研究表明:(1)采用锚杆(索)排距分别为1 000,800,600 mm的3种支护方案(方案Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ)时,巷道表面位移均能够得到有效控制;(2)除了试验段1浅部3.8 m范围内在支护施工40 d后发生5 mm位移外,其余试验段顶板离层量较小,顶板变形得到了有效控制;(3)比较3个试验段巷道锚杆所受轴力可知方案Ⅱ中锚杆所受轴力为0~3.5 t,平均达到2 t,锚杆所受轴力集中程度较好,可以有效避免同一巷道断面上锚杆(索)支护效果差异较大而导致围岩承载结构发生灾变,支护系统更加稳定。综合分析各方案的支护效果与经济效益,认为采用支护方案Ⅱ可以确保巷道围岩受力稳定,能够长期保证巷道的使用断面,节约巷道扩修费用,经济效益最优。

The integrated supporting test of anchor rob and anchor rope is done in the three test sections（named section 1,section 2 and section 3） of the north two 5#coal seam belt conveyor diphead roadway in Xinzhouyao Coal Mine in Shanxi Province. The datas such as roadway surface displacement,roof detachment,anchor rod force etc. are monitored after supporting construction,so as to determine the optimal supporting scheme. The study results show that：（1）the roadway surface deformation can be controlled effectively by adopting three integrated supporting schemes（schemeⅠ,schemeⅡ,schemeⅢ,the anchor rob（rope） density is 1 000,800,600 mm）;（2）the monitoring results of roof abscission layer instrument indicated that about 5 mm displacement occurred within 3. 8 m depth in the shallow of section 1 after supporting construction,the roof abscission layer data of the two sections are both small,which further indicated that the roof deformation is controlled effectively;（3）the comprehensive analysis results of the axial force of anchor rob of three sections show that the axial force of anchor rob of scheme Ⅱ is 0 ~3. 5 t,which average value is 2 t,the concentration degree of axial force of anchor rob is good,the bearing structural catastrophic of surrounding rock caused by the big difference of supporting effects of the anchor rob（rope） at the same roadway section can be avoided effectively,therefore,the supporting system can be more stable. The comprehensive analysis results of the supporting effects and economical benefits of the above three schemes further indicated that the roadway surrounding rock can be keep stable,the using section of roadway can be ensured in long term and the roadway expansion costs can be reduced by adopting the scheme Ⅱ. In view of the perfect supporting effects and optimal economical benefits of scheme Ⅱ,it can be inferred that it is the best one of the one of the above three schemes,it is worth popularizing and applying in the mine.