老挝北部复杂地质条件山区煤田地震勘探资料处理技术

Processing Technique of Coalfield Seismic Exploration Data in the Mountain Area with Complex Geological Condition in Northern Laos

地震勘探是煤田地质勘查的主要手段,对于地形起伏、近地表岩性变化大、煤层多而埋深浅且不稳定的复杂山区,地震勘探野外数据采集与资料处理难度较大。以老挝北部山区某二维地震项目为例,针对复杂山区原始资料静校正问题突出、信噪比低的问题,采用层析反演成像法解决静校正问题;采用叠前多域多系统组合去噪思路压制噪声,提高了原始资料的信噪比,有效改善了浅部煤层反射波的成像效果。

Seismic exploration is the major method for the coalfield geological exploration. The mountain area with complex geological condition is usually characterized by terrain fluctuating violently,lithology near the surface changing greatly,coal seam is well developed and buried shallower and unstable,which caused the acquisition and processing of seismic exploration data of the area is very difficult.Based on the two-dimensional seismic project in the mountain area of Northern Laos as the study example,the original seismic exploration data is characterized by static correction problem and low signal to noise ratio,in order to deal with the problems,the tomographic inversion imaging method is adopted to solve the static correction problem,the prestack muilti-domain multi-system combination noise reduction method is used to filter the noise in the seismic exploration area,improve the signal to noise ratio and the imaging effects of reflected waves of shallow coal seams.