PVC/CPVC发用纤维加工性能及使用性能

Processing performance and using performance of PVC/CPVC wig

采用熔融纺丝技术制备聚氯乙烯(PVC)/氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)纤维,利用乙醚萃取小分子增塑剂,得到PVC/CPVC发用纤维。分析了不同热稳定剂种类及质量分数的PVC/CPVC共混体系的流变性、热稳定性和阻燃性能,通过DSC、SEM分析了PVC/CPVC共混体系的相容性,分析了乙醚萃取前后纤维的热收缩性能。研究表明,PVC/CPVC共混物非牛顿指数小于1,为假塑性流体,随着剪切速率和拉伸应变速率的提高,PVC/CPVC熔体表观黏度减小。PVC、CPVC两者相容性很好,加入CPVC提高了纤维的阻燃性能。Ca/Zn热稳定剂添加量为1.2%和有机锡T-580添加量为2.4%的两个配方的纤维加工稳定性更好,其中,有机锡T-580添加量为2.4%时纤维的热稳定性更好。乙醚萃取降低了纤维的热收缩性能,提高了纤维的使用性能。

Polyvinyl chloride（PVC）/chlorinated polyvinyl chloride（CPVC）fiber using ether extraction of small molecular plasticizers was prepared by melt-spinning technique.The rheological properties,thermal stability and flame retardancy of PVC/CPVC blends with different types and content of heat stabilizers were characterized.The heat shrinkage performances of fibers before and after treated with diethyl ether were analyzed.The results showed that PVC/CPVC blend is pseudoplastic fluid and non-Newtonian index is less than 1. The melt apparent viscosity of PVC/CPVC blends decreased with the increasing of shearing rate and extensional rate. The compatibility of PVC and CPVC is excellent,and the flame retardancy of PVC/CPVC fibers is improved by CPVC.The processing stability of the blends was better when the amounts of Ca/Zn thermal stabilizer and organotin T-580 were 1.2% and 2.4%,respectively.The thermal stability of the fiber was better when the amount of organotin T-580 was 2.4%.After treated by diethyl ether,the thermal shrinkage property of the fiber was reduced,but the performance was improved.