水感培养在高校游泳教学中的作用及其方法探讨

The Role and Method of Water Sense Training in College Swimming Course

水感是一种复杂的主观感觉,不仅与人体所处的水域介质有关,而且与人体神经传导通路、皮肤、肌肉感受器的敏感程度有关,可以理解为游泳者的一种特殊素质和感知觉能力,亦是一种专门化身体感知。水感是否良好直接影响游泳运动的成绩表现。普通高校游泳课程教学中的水感培养,不仅仅是解决学生"恐水"和"惧水"心理的问题,也不单是教学方法和教学内容多元化的问题,而是为了在游泳实践中,切实提高身体对水的感知能力,使学生重新认知"人"和"水"的相互关系,凸显并还原在项目教学中被技术至上所遮蔽的身体本位意识。游泳中的水感和技术相互影响,相互作用,实践中不能孤立分开。对此,教学中可采取心理模拟与心理体验、游戏互动与分组合作、曲线划水和敏感训练以及动作组合与多元训练的方式对学生进行水感培养。

As a complex subjective feeling,the sense of water is not only related to the water medium around the swimming body,but also to the sensitivity of the nerve conduction pathway,skin and muscle receptors of the human body,which could be understood as a special quality and sensory perception ability of swimmers,as well as a specialized body perception.Whether the water sense is good or not directly affects the swimming performance.The sense of water development in college swimming course,means not only conquering the students psychological problems of fears of water,teaching methods and teaching contents of diversification,but effectively improving the body perception of water in swimming practice,which calls for a renewed awareness of the relationship between the body and the water,highlighting and returning to the body oriented consciousness which is covered by the idea of technology first.Water sense and techniques of swimming interact with each other,which cannot be isolated in practice.Therefore,the teacher can take many methods such as the psychological simulation and experience,game interaction and group cooperation,curve stroking and sensitive training,and action combination and multi training way to develop the sense of water.