华重楼皂苷类化学成分与生态因子的相关性

Correlation Between Saponins and Ecological Factors of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis

目的：明确华重楼皂苷类成分与生态因子的相关性。方法：利用HPLC测定了不同华重楼样品中重楼皂苷的含量;利用数字高程模型和Arc GIS软件提取生态因子数据（年平均气温,海拔,相对湿度,年日照时数,年降水量,7月最高气温,7月平均气温,1月最低气温和1月平均气温）;应用主成分分析方法确定了偏诺皂苷-3-O-β-D-glu（1→3）[α-L-rha（1→2）]-β-D-glu（PGGR）,重楼皂苷Ⅶ,H,Ⅰ和Ⅴ是华重楼的主要有效成分;采用回归分析法分析了这些生态因子与重楼药材皂苷类化学成分之间的相关性和变量投影重要性,应用SPSS 22.0偏最小二乘回归方法建立了回归方程。结果：青川、洪雅、巴中的重楼皂苷Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ的总量达到了2015年版《中国药典》重楼项下0.6%的最低限量标准,认为这几个产地华重楼品质较优;生态因子中日照时数,7月最高气温,7月平均温度与重楼皂苷Ⅶ和PGGR呈负相关关系,1月最低气温和1月平均气温与重楼皂苷Ⅶ和PGGR呈正相关关系。日照时数,7月最高气温,7月平均气温与重楼皂苷H,I和V呈正相关关系,海拔高度,相对湿度,年均降水量,1月平均气温与重楼皂苷H,I和V呈负相关关系。结论：明确了华重楼化学成分与气象因子之间的相关性,为培育质优、高产的华重楼提供理论基础,同时为华重楼的规范化生产提供理论支持。

Objective：To study on the relationship between saponins and ecological factors of different habitats of Paris polyphylla var.chinensis.Method：The saponins ingredient of P.polyphylla var.chinensis from different samples were measured by HPLC.Nine ecological factors including temperature,altitude,moisture and light in different provinces were obtained from the ecological suitability database of the Digital Elevation Model and Arc GIS software packages.The regression equation of the ecological factors and PGGR,polyphyllin Ⅶ,H,I and V contents were established by SPSS 22.0 software using principal component and partial least squares regression method.Result：The total amount of Ⅶ,Ⅵ,Ⅱand I reached the minimum standard of 0.6% in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the general quality of the herbs are higher growing in the Qingchuan,Hongya,Bazhong in Sichuan province.Ecological factors,such as annual sunshine time,maximum air temperature in July,average air temperature in July were a negative correlation with polyphyllin Ⅶ and PGGR,the minimum air temperature in January and average air temperature in January showed a positive correlation with the two saponins ingredients.Annual sunshine time and maximum air temperature in July and average air temperature in July were a positive correlation with polyphyllin H,I and V; elevation,relative humidity,annual precipitation,average air temperature in January showed a negative correlation with the three saponins ingredients.Conclusion：The results provided theoretical support for good quality cultivation of P.polyphylla var.chinensis.