胡颓子属种仁含油率及其脂肪酸组成分析

Oil rate in Elaeagnus kernel and its fatty acid composition analysis

为了解胡颓子属不同品种种仁含油率及其脂肪酸组成的差异性,从而为胡颓子属种子的深加工及其在日用化妆品中的深入研究和广泛应用提供参考依据,以胡颓子属7个品种的种子为试验材料,采用索氏提取法分别提取其种仁油并计算其含油率,同时还运用气相色谱法分析其脂肪酸组成,利用SPSS软件对其主要脂肪酸组成成分之间的相关性进行了分析。测定结果表明,胡颓子属7个品种的种仁含油率由大到小依次为:佘山羊奶子(22.71%)>蔓胡颓子(22.66%)>宜昌胡颓子(21.65%)>密花胡颓子(21.32%)>木半夏(21.11%)>银果胡颓子(20.62%)>胡颓子(18.68%)。GC分析鉴定结果表明:从胡颓子属种仁油中共检测出11种脂肪酸,其含量占总脂肪酸的93.6%以上,其中含量最高的是油酸。相关性分析结果表明:胡颓子属不同品种种仁含油率和脂肪酸组成间均存在一定的差异,油酸与亚油酸和花生烯酸间均呈现明显的负相关性。

In order to understand kernel oil rate and fatty acid composition differences of different varieties of Elaeagnus,and to provide some references for deep processing of Elaeagnus seeds and further research and extensive application in cosmetics,using seeds of seven varieties of Elaeagnus L.as experimental materials,kernel oils were extracted by Soxhlet extractor and oil rates were determined.Fatty acid components were measured by gas chromatography,and correlation between main fatty acids were analyzed by SPSS software.The results indicate that oil rates of seven varieties of Elaeagnus L.in descending order was following：E.argyi Lévl.（22.71%）,E.glabra Thunb.（22.66%）,E.henryiWarb.apud Diels（21.65%）,E.conferta Roxb.（21.32%）,E.multiflora Thunb.（21.11%）,E.magna Rehd.（20.62%）,E.pungens（18.68%）.The results of analysis and identification by GC show that,total eleven fatty acids owned by all were identified in kernel oil of Elaeagnus L.,which accounted for more than 93.6% of total contents of fatty acids,and oleic acid content was the highest.The results of correlation analysis show that：kernel oil rates and fatty acid compositions had some differences among different varieties,and oleic acid showed obviously negative correlations with linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.