2017年某造纸企业噪声作业工人健康状况分析

Analysis on the health status of noise workers in a papermaking enterprise from January to June in 2017

目的探讨职业性噪声对作业工人的心血管系统的影响。方法对2017年1-6月某造纸厂在江门市新会区疾病预防控制中心接受职业健康体检的1 444名噪声作业在岗工人进行听力测定,血压和心电图等职业健康检查,对不同性别、年龄、工龄接触噪声作业人员体检结果异常率进行统计分析。结果该厂接受职业健康检查的1 444名在岗职工中,听力损伤发生率为26.5%,在不同性别、年龄和工龄之间的差异均有统计学意义,均P<0.05。血压升高发生率为5.5%,性别分组高血压检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在不同年龄和工龄之间的差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。心电图异常发生率为13.7%,心电图异常率在不同性别、年龄、工龄之间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。心电图异常表现依次为窦性心动过缓、ST-T改变、束支及房室传导阻滞、窦性心动过速、期前收缩和心律不齐。结论长期职业性噪声暴露会对工人听力及心血管系统产生不良影响,企业应该采取有预防控制措施,减少噪声的产生及传播,保护工人的健康。

Objective To explore the effect of occupational noise on the cardiovascular system of workers,and to better protect the health of noise workers. Methods From January to June in 2017,a papermaking factory in Jiangmen City,Xinhui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention received occupational health examination of 1 444 noise operations on-the-job workers for hearing tests,blood pressure and electrocardiogram（ECG） and other occupational health checks on different gender,age and length of service. Statistical analysis of abnormal rate of physical examination results were applied for workers exposed to noise.Results The incidence of hearing impairment was 26.5% in 1 444 workers who received occupational health examination. The differences were significant between different sexes,age and length of service（All P〈0.05）. The incidence of elevated blood pressure was 5. 5% There was significant difference between the different age and the length of service（all P〈0.05）. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.01）,the incidence of ECG abnormalities was 13.7%,ECG abnormal rate in different gender,age,length of service were no significant difference（P〈0.05） The ECG abnormalities were sinus bradycardia,ST-T changes,bundle branch and atrioventricular block,sinus tachycardia,pre-contraction and arrhythmia. Conclusion Long-term occupational noise exposure will have adverse effects on workers＇ hearing and cardiovascular system. Enterprises should take preventive measures to reduce the occurrence and spread of noise and protect the health of workers.