张家口市康保县鼠疫健康教育需求方式分析

Analysis on the demand pattern of plague health education in Kangbao County of Zhangjiakou

目的了解张家口市康保县居民对鼠疫健康教育方式的需求,为针对性地进行鼠疫宣传教育提供依据。方法选取康保县鼠疫疫源地常住居民为研究对象,采用自制调查问卷对居民进行自填式调查。采用多重响应方法进行统计分析。结果康保县居民鼠疫健康教育需求方式中电视的需求度最高(65.98%),其次是宣传册(62.43%)和讲座(57.69%)。不同人群对鼠疫宣传方式的需求不同。18岁以下的年轻人较喜欢讲座(75.00%)、网络(67.39%)和电视(58.70%),而60岁以上的老年人较喜欢广播(70.45%)、电视(54.55%)和宣传册(47.43%)。农民倾向于广播(65.28%)、电视(59.72%)和宣传册(51.39%),学生选择较多的宣教方式有讲座(74.73%)、网络(69.23%)和电视(59.34%),医生则选择较多的是宣传册(84.13%)、电视(82.54%)和讲座(71.43%)。文化程度较高的居民较喜欢宣传册(77.42%)、电视(73.12%)和讲座(69.89%);文化程度较低的居民更多的选择广播(64.00%)、电视(56.00%)和宣传册(24.00%)。结论康保县鼠疫健康教育需要针对不同目标人群选择不同的宣教方式。人口学特征未知的人群优先选择电视、宣传册和讲座进行宣教;青少年和学生群体选择讲座、网络和电视;老年人、文化程度较低者和农民这些人群选择广播、电视和宣传册这类易于他们接受的方式;文化程度较高者和医生选择宣传册、电视和讲座进行鼠疫防治知识的传播。

Objective To understand the residents’ demands for health education of plague in Kangbao County of Zhangjiakou,and provide evidence for the prevention and control of plague. Methods Selecting the resident population of Kangbao County as the research object. Self-made surveys were conducted on self-made questionnaires. Multivariate response method was used for statistical analysis. Results In the health education needs,the demand for television（ 65. 98%） was the highest,followed by brochures（ 62. 43%） and lectures（ 57. 69%）.Different populations had different needs for plague advocacy. Young people under the age of 18 preferred lectures（ 75. 00%）,networks（ 67. 39%） and televisions（ 58. 70%）,while older people over 60 years old preferred health education（ 70. 45%）,television（ 54. 55%） and brochures（ 47. 43%）. Farmers tended to broadcast（ 65. 28%）,television（ 59. 72%） and brochure（ 51. 39%）; Students chosen more lectures（ 74. 73%）,networks（ 69. 23%） and televisions（ 59. 34%）; The choice of the doctors was more brochure（ 84. 13%）,television（ 82. 54%） and lectures（ 71. 43%）. Highly educated residents preferred brochures（ 77. 42%）,televisions（ 73. 12%） and lectures（ 69. 89%）; less educated residents had more options for radio（ 64. 00%）,television（ 56. 00%） and brochures（ 24. 00%）. Conclusion Plague health education needs to choose different ways for different target groups in Kangbao County,television,brochures and lectures for demographic characteristics unknown population; lectures,networks and televisions for youths and students; radio,television and brochures for elders,less educated and peasants,brochures,televisions and lectures for the higher education level people and the doctors.