河源地区22518例宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染状况分析

Investigation of human papillomavirus infections in Heyuan: A report based on 22518 cases

目的调查河源地区各年龄段女性宫颈人乳头瘤病毒感染状况及亚型分布。方法收集从2015年1月至2016年10月来我院就诊的各年龄段女性宫颈脱落细胞标本,提取DNA,采取核酸杂交方法对所有标本进行基因分型,收集检测结果进行归纳、统计分析。结果 (1)22518例标本,HPV阳性有5021例,感染率为22.30%,其中小于21岁女性其HPV感染率最高,高达41.16%,依次是大于45岁(25.65%),21~30岁(23.92%)和31~45岁女性(19.87%)。(2)在各年龄段中21种常见HPV亚型均有被检出,其中HPV高危亚型检出率较高的有HPV52、HPV58、HPV16,HPV低危亚型检出率较高的有HPV81、HPV6、HPV11。(3)HPV感染类型以单一感染居多,单一感染率在小于21岁、21~30岁、31~45岁、大于45岁女性分别为49.36%、71.32%、79.07%、72.79%。(4)HPV亚型在各年龄段分布有差异,其中在小于21岁、21~30岁、31~45岁、大于45岁4个年龄段,高危型HPV在各年龄段检出阳性率分别是35.09%、20.48%、16.98%、21.22%,低危型HPV在各年龄段检出阳性率分别是14.51%、5.68%、4.32%、7.11%,且小于21岁年龄组与其他年龄段各组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论河源地区女性宫颈HPV的感染率高,尤其是小于21岁年龄段女性,且HPV感染以单一感染居多,其中感染率较高的HPV高危亚型有HPV58、HPV52、HPV16,HPV低危亚型有HPV81、HPV11、HPV6。

Objective To investigate the infection status and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus （HPV） in Heyuan area.Methods From January 2015 to October 2016, cervical exfoliative cells were collected to detect HPV genotype using cape flow-through hybridization and results were analyzed with infection characteristics.Results We collected 22518 cases of sample, HPV infection rate in study patients was 22.30% （5021/22518）, among which the infection rate of HPV among the patients less than 21 years old was the highest （41.16%）. The HPV infection rate of the women elder than 45 was （25.65%）, it was 23.92% of the patients between 21 and 30 years old, and it was 19.87% of the patients between 31 and 45 years old. In our study, twenty one HPV subtypes were detected among all groups. HPV52, HPV58 and HPV16 were the most common infection subtype at high risk. While the HPV81, HPV6 and HPVll were the most infection subtype at low risk. Single infection was the most common type which account for 49.36%, 71.32%, 79.07%, 72.79% in younger than 21 years old group, 21 to 30 years old group, 31 to 45 years old group and older than 45 years old group respectively. The distribution of HPV subtypes were significant difference among different ages. As the positive rates of high risk HPV were 35.09%, 20.48%, 16.98% and 21.22% in the four groups of patients, while the positive rates of low risk HPV were 14.51%, 5.68%, 4.32% and 7.11% in the four groups. And there were significant difference among the group younger than 21 and the other three groups （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The incidence of cervical HPV infection is high among women in Heyuan area, especially those younger than 21 years old, and HPV infection is mostly single infection. Among them, the HPV high-risk subtypes with high infection rate are HPV58, hpv52 and HPV16. HPV low risk subtypes including HPV81, HPVll and HPV6.