中国城市移民二代的社会融入测量研究——理论反思与实证检验

Social Integration Measurement of Second-generation of Migrant in China Urban Areas——Theoretical Introspection and Empirical Test

我国城市移民二代无论在规模上还是潜在影响上都已经成为城市社会不能被忽略的重要组成部分。然而对其在城市的社会融入状况却未能引起足够的重视,缺乏针对性的社会融入衡量体系和深入研究。本文从已有文献的理论局限入手分析,认为忽略中国社会结构特征、单纯借鉴西方理论的社会融入衡量理论框架和方法对我国社会的适用性有待商榷。基于对现有文献的理论反思,本文提出：不同于西方横向模块化的社会融合格局,我国影响移民二代社会融入的各层次是逐层嵌套关系,并进而提出“层次结构化社会融入分析框架”。根据各变量对社会融入在逻辑上和影响上的差异化机制,采用“非线性标准化方法”建立移民二代社会融入指标体系,以上海市移民二代的社会融入为例展开实证测量,验证该测量方法的有效性。该方法可推广应用于更广泛的领域,是对我国该领域研究的一个新的角度和突破。

The second-generation of migrants in China urban areas has became a very important part for urban society due to their greater number and influence in cities. However, their integration situation has not been taken great importance as they should be. The tailor-made measure methods are not available yet. The article analyses the limits of existing theories and thinks that China has unique social features so that the popular sociological theories in western societies are not suitable for Chinese society. The main aspects that impact migrant social integration are a kind of Nested Structure, so the "layer-based nested analysis framework" maybe fitter to the reality of China to measure social integration of second-generation of migrants. Then, the article takes Shanghai as the study case, using the new theory and measure method to test the social integration of migrant children in the city. The new measurement may be applicable in a broader area.