“难免”和“未免”基于语料库的多维分析

Multidimensional Analysis of “Nanmian” and “Weimian” based on Corpus

基于北大语料库(CCL),从语义背景,语法特征以及语用上对"难免"和"未免"进行了对比分析。语义上"难免"是基于一定的事实依据或社会经验而产生的不可避免的结果,多为已经发生的事实,其结果多为确定性高。"未免"是表示一种评价意义,多为不满,以及表示不确定的推测;语法上,二者多位于低位语位置句中对其后面的述题进行表述,多用于陈述句中;语气上,"难免"多用于表示肯定,批评,反问语气,"未免"多用于表示否定,委婉和揣测语气。

Based on the CCL,a comparative analysis is made from the semantic background,the grammatical features and the pragmatics of ＂nanmian＂and ＂weimian＂. Semantically,＂nanmian＂is the inevitable result based on certain facts or social experience,mostly for the fact that has already happened,and the result is high certainty. ＂Weimian＂is an evaluation,dissatisfaction and uncertain inference; the two words are the problem of the low position behind the language sentence statement,for statements; ＂weimian ＂for more affirmative criticism,rhetorical mood. ＂Nanmian＂is used to express negation and speculation,euphemistic tone.