通过手机App开展老年人流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗接种知识宣教效果的调查

Investigation on education effect of influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine of older adults based on mobile app

目的通过手机App开展老年人流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗接种知识宣教效果的调查,为深圳市老年人流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗免费接种项目的宣传制定针对性策略。方法自主设计深圳市老年人流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗接种知识调查表,调查对象通过手机App在线完成问卷的填写和提交。结果共收集有效调查问卷1 411份,41.6%的调查对象知晓深圳市开展老年人免费接种流感疫苗、肺炎疫苗项目,除文化程度、职业及性别外,不同年龄组间知晓率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.624,P<0.01),并且有随着年龄增大知晓率下降的趋势。96.6%的调查对象愿意向老年人推荐接种疫苗。在587名参与老年人免费接种项目调查的对象中只有362人(61.67%)明确知道接种疫苗的地点。超过80%的调查对象认为老年人应该接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗,但不到50%的调查对象认为慢性病患者可以接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗,仅26.8%的人认为流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗可以同时接种。互联网、社区医生和电视是调查对象最容易接受相关知识的途径。结论应积极开展广泛且有针对性的宣传,提高人群流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗的相关知识,引导老年人接种流感疫苗和肺炎疫苗。

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of influenza vaccine and pneumonia vaccine of older adults in Shenzhen based on mobile app, to make targeted strategy for the project of free vaccination on influenza and pneumonia. Method Self-made questionnaires were linked on mobile app,then the volunteers could fill and submit on line. Results A total of 1411 valid questionnaires were collected by mobile app,41.6% of the respondents knew the project that older adults in Shenzhen had free flu vaccine and pneumonia vaccine,except education,occupation and gender,there was a statistically sig- nificant difference between different age groups（χ2 = 8. 624 ,P 〈0. 01 ）. The awareness rate had a decline tendency with in- creasing age. 96.6% of the respondents were willing to recommend the vaccine to the aged. Three hundred and sixty-two people knew the location of the vaccination among the 587 people who knew the project. More than 80% of the respondents thought the aged should vaccinate vaccines of the influenza and the pneumonia, but less than 50% of the respondents thought the aged should receive vaccination, and only 26.8 % of people thought the two vaccines can be administered simultaneously. Intemet, community doctors and television were the most accessible sources of knowledge. Conclusion Extensive and targeted propaganda should be actively carried out to improve the knowledge of influenza and pneumonia vaccines and guide the elderly vaccination.