浙江省象山县2011-2016年手足口病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Xiangshan of Zhejiang,2011-2016

目的分析2011-2016年浙江省象山县手足口病流行病学特征,为手足口病防控提供参考依据。方法收集传染病报告管理信息系统中象山县的手足口病病例资料和实验室病原检测结果,采用描述性流行病学进行分析。结果 2011-2016年象山县共报告手足口病10 122例,无死亡病例,平均发病率332.14/10万;各年均在4-7月出现发病高峰;各乡镇均有病例报告,地区分布差异较大;年平均发病率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ2=276.329,P<0.01),病例主要集中在5岁以下散居儿童;手足口病的优势菌株处于不断变化中,仍以EV71和Cox A16为主,各年份均存在重复感染病例。结论象山县手足口病发病有明显的季节、地区、人群分布特征,手足口病的优势菌株处于不断变化中,应继续落实针对重点人群的各项防控措施,推广EV71疫苗的使用。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot mouth disease（HFMD） in Xiangshan and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The incidence data of HFMD in Xiangshan from 2011 to 2016 were collected from national disease reporting information system to conduct descriptive epidemiological analysis. Resuit A total of 10122 HFMD cases were reported during 2011 to 2016,there was no death case. The annual average incidence was 332.14/100000 ;most cases occurred from April to July;cases had been reported in each township, and the regional distribution varies greatly;the annual incidence in males was higher than that in females,the difference was significant（χ2 = 276. 329,P 〈0.01 ）, the children under 5 years old were mostly affected;the dominant enterovirus was constantly changing,the major pathogens were EV71 and CoxA16,there were cases that repeated infection in each year. Conclusion The incidence of HFMD varied by season, region, population distribution, the major pathogens was constantly changing, it is necessary to carry out the HFMD prevention and control measures for population at high risk,and promote the use of EV71 vac-cine.