白银区托幼机构儿童健康状况分析

Analysis on health situation of children in kindergartens in Baiyin district

目的掌握白银区所辖托幼机构儿童的健康状况,为预防儿童相关疾病的发生提供基础数据,更好地指导儿童营养、卫生保健和心理工作。方法按照《幼儿园卫生保健管理办法实施细则》,对2016年秋季白银区所辖幼儿园3~6岁儿童进行健康体检和问卷调查。结果在园儿童共7 428人,体检7 152人,体检率96.28%。儿童体格发育情况中,男童身高在83.8~123.6cm,体重为9.8~25kg;女童身高在85~118.4cm,体重为9.5~23.2kg。儿童患病情况,体检7 152人,有龋齿4 297人,占60.08%;视力不良361人,占5.05%;营养不良229人,占3.20%;上呼吸道感染165人,占2.31%。分年龄别对龋齿、视力不良、营养不良进行统计分析,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。采用Conners量表对儿童品行问题筛查,阳性共278名,占总数的3.80%。结论儿童的健康是身体和心理健康综合体现,白银区托幼机构儿童以龋齿、视力不良、营养不良等患病率较高,白银区应大力开展健康饮食宣传,合理膳食,平衡膳食,摄入低糖、低盐饮食,另外,对儿童及家长、托幼机构做好口腔健康教育,进食后应漱口,托幼机构配有保健医生,开展幼儿心理疏导和疾病筛查工作,做到疾病早发现、早报告,应定期对托幼机构的各项工作开展督导检查。

Objective To master the health situation of children in kindergartens in Baiyin district and provide basic data for preventing the happening of cildren＇s related diseases, to guide the children nutrition, health care and mental work. Methods According to implementing rules for the management of health care measures of kindergartens, between 3 and 6 years children of the kindergarten were physical examined and surveyed in the fall of 2016 in Baiyin district. Results There were 7 428 children in the kindergartens,7 152 of them were examined,the rate of physical examination was 96.28%. In the physical development of children, the height of the bey were between 83.8era and 123.6cm,weight were between 9.8kg and 25kg;the height of the girls were between 85cm and 118.4cm ,weight were between 9.5kg and 23.2kg. There were 4 297 cases of dental caries ,accounting for 60.08% ,361 children were poor vision,accounting for 5.05% ,229 children were malnutrition,accounting for 3.20% and upper respiratory tract infection were 165 ,accounting for 2.31%. The difference was statistically significant in age, dental caries, poor eyesight and malnutrition （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Using Conners scale screening of children＇s behavior problems, the positive were 278, accounted for 3.80% of the total. Conclusion The health of children is a comprehensive physical and mental health. The children in Baiyin district had a higher prevalence of dental caries, poor eyesight and malnutrition. Therefore it is necessary to carry out the promotion of healthy eating, reasonable diet, a balanced diet, eat low sugar, low salt diet. To carry out good oral health education and mouthwash after eating for children and parents and nurseries. The kindergarten should be all equipped with a health care practitioner, the children should be carried out psychological counseling and disease screening. The disease should be early discovery and report and it is necessary to carry out supervision and inspection regular for the childcare agency.