土地革命时期中国共产党对股票发行的探索

The Exploration of the Stock Issue by the Communist Party of China during the Agrarian Revolution Period

土地革命时期,尤其是中华苏维埃共和国成立后,为发展经济,中国共产党领导下的根据地政府较为普遍性地探索采用股份制,制定相应的股票发行政策,发行了一定数量的银行、各类合作社和商业性企业股票。根据地在股票管理上进行了多样探索:实施分期发行或进行扩股,并采用竞赛等办法积极动员群众入股;对持股数有严格限制,股票不能当作现金在市面流通,对买卖、转让也有相应规定;股金也可以分期缴纳,且不限于现金,可以退股,还有专门的红利发放办法。尽管根据地股票发行总量较小,但是这种集资方式,对于合作社经济的发展、银行机构的创办和运转等都发挥了至关重要的作用,成为中国共产党领导金融建设方面的一次创新。

During the Agrarian Revolution period,especially after the founding of the Soviet Repub-lic of China,in order to develop economy,the government in the base areas under the leadership of CPC universally explored the adoption of share -holding system,formulated the corresponding stock issue policy,and issued a cellain number of bank stocks,various types of cooperatives stocks and commercial enterprises stocks.There were various explorations on stock management in the base are-a.The stocks can be issued by installments or to be extended.Meanwhile,the government actively mobilized the masses to enter the stock market by means of competition,but set strict restrictions on tile number of shares,the circulation in the market,trading and transferring.Stocks eouhl also be[）aid in instalhnents,and was not limited to cash.Stocks could even be withdrawn.There was a spe-cial way to give out dividend.Ahhough the total amount of stock issuance in the base area was rela-tively small,that way of collecting funds has played a vital role in the development of the cooperative economy,the establishment and operation of the banking institutions.It has become an innovation in the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party in financial construction.