关联分析及其在果树育种研究中的应用

Application of Trait-Marker Association Analysis in Fruit Breeding Research

果树在中国农业发展中具有重要作用,而且其经济性状大多属于数量性状。基于连锁分析的QTL作图是研究这些复杂性状的有效手段,但尚存在一定的局限性。随着分子生物学的发展,关联分析已然成为发掘性状控制基因的重要手段之一,它以连锁不平衡为基础,发掘生物性状与遗传标记之间的对应关系,寻找控制性状的关键候选基因。本研究全面论述了关联分析的基本概念、原理、方法及其优越性。并综述了关联分析在果树数量性状、标记开发及功能基因挖掘方面的最新研究进展,进而,探讨关联分析在果树种质资源中的发展方向,并对其应用前景提出展望。

Fruit tree is one of the most crucial production materials in Chinese agncutture, anu mu^L u economic traits belong to quantitative characters. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） mapping based on linkage analysis is an effective means to study these complex traits, but there are still some limitations. With the development of molecular biology, association analysis has become one of the important means to explore traits and control genes. On the basis of linkage disequilibrium, it explores the correspondence between biological characters and genetic markers to find the key candidate genes for controlling traits. This paper briefly discussed the basic concepts, principles, methods and advantages of association analysis. Also, the latest research progress of correlation analysis in fruit quantitative characters, marker development and functional gene mining was reviewed. In the end, the developmental direction of trait-marker association analysis in fruit germplasm resources was provided, and its potential application was prospected.