重要食药两用植物余甘子遗传改良研究进展

Research Progress of Genetic Improvements in the Important Medical and Edible Plant Phyllanthus emblica L.

余甘子(Phyllanthus emblica L.)是著名的药食两用植物,其果实富含多种有效成分,具有极高的药用价值和开发潜力。但是,余甘子果实口感酸涩等缺点,严重制约了其相关产业的发展,急需对余甘子相关性状进行遗传改良。本综述论述了余甘子常规遗传改良(种质资源收集与分类,繁殖培育)和分子遗传改良(分子标记技术,转录组高通量测序技术和基因工程技术在余甘子遗传改良中的应用)的研究进展,探讨了余甘子遗传改良中存在的主要问题及发展方向,提出余甘子遗传改良应采用常规育种方法结合分子辅助育种的研究策略,为今后余甘子遗传改良研究提供参考和借鉴。

Phyllanthus e mblica is a famous medicinal and edible plant, whose fruit contains various tlaerapeutlc components and has extremely high medicinal value and development potential. However, the weaknesses such as sour taste have seriously restricted the development of its related industries, and it is urgent to carry out genetic improvement on the related traits. In this review, we mainly summarized the research advance in genetic improvement of P. emblica, related to the following aspects： conventional genetic improvement （collection and classification of germplasm resources, breeding and cultivation）, molecular genetic improvement （molecular marker technology, transcriptome high-throughput sequencing technology and genetic engineering technology applied to the genetic improvement ofP. emblica）. We also analyzed the main problem and development direction in genetic improvement of P. emblica and we suggested that the genetic improvement of P. emblica should be developed by combining conventional methods with molecular biology techniques. This might provide references for future research on genetic improvements ofP. ernblica.