目睹婚姻暴力和儿童虐待对大学生内外化问题的影响：依恋的中介作用

Attachment as Mediator: On the Impact of Witnessing Parental Violence,Child Abuse on College Students' Internalizing and Externalizing of Behaviors

该研究以240名本科生为被试,探讨了儿时目睹的婚姻暴力和经历的儿童虐待对大学生内外化问题的影响,并检验了依恋的中介作用。研究发现:(1)婚姻暴力和儿童虐待对内外化问题的合并影响大于单一暴力,且对外化问题的影响大于内化问题;(2)婚姻暴力对内外化问题的影响大于儿童虐待;(3)当与其他暴力形式一起考察时,心理婚暴是唯一对内化问题有显著预测力的变量,也是对外化问题预测力最大的变量,身体虐待显著预测外化问题,心理虐待和躯体婚暴对内外化问题都没有显著的预测作用;(4)依恋只在心理婚暴与结果变量间起中介作用,其中回避依恋部分中介心理婚暴对内化问题的影响,焦虑依恋部分中介心理婚暴对内外化问题的影响。研究证实了父母婚暴尤其是心理婚暴对子女有长期的负面影响。

This study examines the impact of witnessing intraparental violence and experiencing child abuse on college students＇ internalizing and externalizing of behavioral problems, as well as the mediating role of attachment. To this end, it drew 236 college students who completed a series of questionnaires concerning past experiences of maltreatment and witnessing parental violence, adult attachment in current close relationships, and internalizing and externalizing of behavior problems. The results revealed that： 1 ） dual - violence exposure exerted a larger impact on both externalizing and internalizing problems than any single exposure, and both IPV and child abuse impacted externalizing problems than internalizing problems more strongly; 2） IPV more strongly impacted both internalizing and externalizing problems than child abuse; 3） of the four subtypes of violence （ IPV, child abuse, physical abuse, and psychological abuse） , psychological IPV had the most significant impact; 4） avoidance attachment partially mediated the relationship between marital psychological violence and internalizing problems, while anxious attachment partially mediated the relationship between marital psychological violence and internalizing/externalizing problems.