含水率与贮藏温度对翠竹(Pleioblastus pygmaeus)种子生活力的影响

The Effect on the Seed Vitality of Pleioblastus pygmaeus Under the Conditions of Different Storage Temperature and Moisture Content

竹类植物种子(颖果)通常不耐贮藏,为了探究影响翠竹种子生活力的主要因素。本试验以南京林业大学竹园内2016年5月收获的翠竹种子为材料,通过测量其形态指标以及不同梯度含水率种子的千粒重,并将其含水率阴干成3个不同梯度,分别贮藏在4种温度下,贮藏期1年,定期分析含水率与贮藏温度对翠竹种子生活力的影响。结果表明:翠竹种子长椭圆形,腹部纵沟槽明显,长、宽(带稃)差异显著。初始含水率为31.73%的种子的千粒重为110.86g(带稃),103.54g(去稃)。翠竹种子若贮藏6个月以内,宜采用含水率为24.14%,贮藏温度为4℃的保存条件。翠竹种子若贮藏6个月以上,宜采用含水率为8.72%,贮藏温度为-20℃的保存条件。在翠竹种子贮藏过程中,含水量与贮藏温度是影响翠竹种子生活力的重要因素。

Generally the seeds （caryopsis） of bamboos are not resistant to storage.In order to provide a theoretical basis for the preservation and production of the bamboo seeds, the important factors influ- encing the seed viability of Pleioblastus pygmaeus were studied in this paper. The bamboo seeds collected in bamboo garden of Nanjing Forestry University in May 2016 were used to measure its mor- phological index and the 1 000-grain weight of seeds with different gradient moisture content.And then the seeds were classified three groups according to moisture content and stored in four different tem- peratures.The seed viability of Pleioblastus pygmaeus were periodically analyzed in different storage conditions during the period of one year.The results showed that Pleioblastus pygmaeus seeds had a long elliptical shape, the longitudinal groove of the abdomen was obviou, and the length and width （with glume） of Pleioblastus pygmaeus seeds were significantly different.The 1 000-grain-weight of seeds with the initial moisture content of 31.7% was 110.86 g （with glume） and 103.54 g （without glume）.According to the experiment results, the suggestion is as follows： If the bamboo seeds are stored within 6 months, the preservation condition with a moisture content of 24.14% and a storage temperature of 4℃ should be adopted; and if the bamboo seeds are stored for more than 6 months, the preservation condition with a moisture content of 8.72% and a storage temperature of -20℃ should be adopted. Therefore, the moisture content and storage temperature are important factors influencing the seed viability of Pleioblastus pygmaeus in the storage process.