山东省基层医生职业倦怠与焦虑现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Occupational Burnout and Anxiety Among Doctors in Primary Healthcare Institutions in Shandong Province

目的调查了解山东基层医务人员对自身工作状况的主观评价,为卫生人力资源管理提供策略。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,在山东省选取县医院、社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院医务人员进行调查,共发放问卷306份,有效问卷292份。结果基层医务人员情绪衰竭、玩世不恭、成就感低落维度的平均分分别为1.65±1.14、0.94±0.99、4.03±1.58。总体上,基层医务人员职业倦怠感较轻。但超过50%的基层医务人员存在中度成就感低落,男性成就感低落的感受要比女性更明显.基层医务人员焦虑自评量表标准分的均值为(40.03±10.20),男性焦虑程度也高于女性。中专和专科学历基层医务人员的焦虑程度要高于本科以上高学历人员。结论山东省基层卫生医务人员的职业倦怠和焦虑情绪总体情况尚好。通过Logistic回归分析,焦虑情绪是发生情绪衰竭的影响因素,而学历是成就感低落的影响因素。因此,对于基层医务人员减小焦虑情绪,提升其工作自豪感和成就感非常必要。基层医疗卫生机构在留住高层次人才和提供施展才华的舞台方面还有改进和提升的空间。

Objective To investigate subjective evaluation of occupational status in medical workers in primary healthcare institutions in Shandong Province so as to provide strategies for management of health human resources. Methods By using multi -stage stratified sampling method, a total of 306 questionnaires were distributed to medical doctors in county hospitals, community health service centers （stations） and township health centers, and 292 valid questionnaires were collected. Results The average scores of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment were 1.65 ± 1.14, 0. 94 ± 0. 99 and 4. 03 ± 1.58, respectively. was mild among doctors w Overall, occupational burnout orking institutions in Shandong Province. in primary However, heahhcare more than 50% of them had a moderate sense of reduced personal accomplishment, and the sense of reduced personal accomphshment was stronger in males than in females. The mean score of anxiety scale was （40. 03 ± 10. 20）,and more severe anxiety was found in males than in females. Medical workers with secondary specialty school and training school backgrounds in primary heahhcare institutions were more anxious than those with bachelor degrees or above. Conclusion Occupational burnout and anxiety among doctors in primary heahhcare institutions in Shandong Province is still acceptable overall. Anxiety is an influencing factor of emotional exhaustion, and the educational background is an influencing factor of reduced personal accomphshment. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce anxiety and enhance their sense of pride and accomplishment. Primary healthcare institutions should make efforts to attract high -level talents and provide stages for them to demonstrate their abilities.