攀枝花市外来过冬人群生活质量变化及影响因素分析

Changes of life Quality and Influencing Factors Among the Migrant Population in Winter in Panzhihua

目的通过对攀枝花市冬季外来人群康养前后生活质量变化及影响因素分析,探讨攀枝花市冬季自然环境对外来人群生活质量的影响,为"候鸟人群"阳光康养提供一定的科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方式,抽取2015-11/2016-02间攀枝花市5个区县阳光康养场所的外来过冬且居住时间1个月以上的人员共350名。利用QOL-35量表进行前后两次面对面调查,评价其生理、心理等健康状况。结果第2次调查生活质量量表各领域均数和中位数均高于第1次,外来过冬人群康养前后一般健康和生活质量、独立生活能力、生理功能、心理功能、社会功能5个领域得分、生活质量变化得分及量表总得分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。户外身体活动时间增加、文娱活动时间增加为引起生活质量提高的影响因素。结论攀枝花市外来过冬人群康养前后生活质量有提高,攀枝花市独特的地理气候为外地过冬人群尤其是老年人积极参与户外身体活动和文化娱乐活动等创造了条件。

Objective To analyze changes of the life quality and its influencing factors among the migrant population in winter in Panzhihua and explore the effect of winter environment on the life quality among them, which may provide references for the migrant population who want to have a sunning life in winter in Panzihua. Methods A random cluster sampling was used to collect 350 migrant people who had been wintering over 1 month from November 2015 to February 2016 in 5 districts and counties of Panzhihua. Face to face survey was conducted with QOL - 35 scale to assess their physiological and psychological health status twice before and after during their living. Results The mean and median of each field of QOL - 35 scale in the second survey were higher than those of the first. The scores of the general health and the life quality, independent life ability, physiological function, psychological function, social function, changes of life quality and the total scale between the two surveys among migrant people were statistically significantly different respectively （P 〈0. 05）. Whether the time of outdoor physical activities and cultural recreational activities increases was correlative and important to improve the quality of life. Conclusion The quality of life among migrant people has improved after living a period of time in winter in Panzhihua. The unique geographical climate in winter in Panzhihua has supplied advantages for the foreign people, physical activities and cultural recreational activities.