2010-2016年四川省植物性食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学分析

Epidemiological Events of Plant Foodborne Diseases Outbreak in Sichuan Province During 2010 to 2016

目的了解四川省植物性食源性疾病暴发事件的发生规律及流行病学特征,为制定相应的预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对2010-2016年食源性疾病暴发监测系统中报告的植物性食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征进行描述性分析。结果 2010-2016年全省共报告植物性食源性疾病暴发事件199起,发病977人,死亡25人,病死率为2.56%。8月事件数最多占23.62%,绵阳市的事件数最多占21.61%,毒蘑菇的事件数最多占76.88%,家庭是主要的疾病暴发场所和原因食品来源场所均占76.38%,引发事件的环节和因素主要分别是生产加工和误食误用。结论植物性食源性疾病暴发事件是四川省较为严重的公共卫生事件,应在高发地区、高发季节进一步加强健康教育、市场监管、强化医疗救治和现场处置,深入开展对毒蘑菇的鉴别研究,达到预防和控制植物性食源性疾病的目的。

Objective To investigate epidemiological features and trend of plant foodborne diseases and provide scientific evidence for disease control and prevention. Methods The data of plant foodborne diseases were analyzed in the foodborne disease outbreak system during 2010 - 2016 in Siehuan province. Results There were 199 outbreak events during 2010 - 2016, including 977 patient and 25 deaths of the plant foodborne diseases with 2. 56% mortality rate, which were recorded by the national foodborne disease outbreak reporting system Sichuan province. The august was the high prevalent season of plant foodborne diseases in whole year,accounting for 23.62%. Mianyang had the most events for 21.61%, and wild mushroom caused the most events accounting for 76. 88%, The main place and source of the reasons food that the plant foodborne disease soccurred was home and canteens. The important process and factor were food processing and eating poison respectively. Conclusion Plant foodborne diseases were a serious public health concern in Sichuan Province. It should be applied on appropriate countermeasures, effective measures like health education, market supervision, strengthening medical treatment and on - site disposal. In further, the ongoing research should be applied on wild mushroom identifying.