2004年殷墟大司空遗址出土人骨线粒体DNA研究报告

Report of the Research on the mtDNA of the Human Bones Unearthed at Dasikong Site of Yinxu in 2004

对6例2004年殷墟大司空遗址出土人骨进行线粒体DNA研究，共得到6个单倍型归属于4个单倍型类群：B、D、N9a和Z.结合体质人类学和考古学研究成果，推测殷墟商代晚期居民人群构成多元。单倍型共享序列人群分布暗示殷墟中小墓居民可能作为华夏族的基底，其基因历经三千年却并未消失，而是在人群交流融合中沉淀下来并且扩散开去。通过本次研究对大司空遗址古代居民遗传特征有了初步认识，但尚待扩大样本量，选用更多种遗传标记来进行更深入的研究。

6 reproducible mtDNA HVR [ fragments were obtained from 6 individuals, which were discovered in Dasikong excavation at Yinxu site in 2004. They can be attributed to 6 haplotypes which belong to 4 haplogroups, such as B, D, N9a and Z. Combining physical anthropology analysis of this population and the archaeological findings, we demonstrate that the society of Yinxu was composed of individuals coming from various regions. The haplogroups, geographic distribution of human groups who shared the same HVR I sequence and physical features indicate that some of the genetic characteristics of the ancient residents in Yinxu during the late Shang period are still present in the matrilineal heritage of the modern Han Chinese and east Asian populations. This study provided preliminary understanding for us on the inherited characteriatics of the ancient residents at Dasikong Locus, but further studies are still needed by expanding sample size and selecting more genetic marks.