深圳城市化转地政策对新型城镇化土地制度改革的启示

Implication of Land Transfer Policy in Shenzhen Urbanization for Land System Reform in New-type Urbanization

推进新型城镇化对全面建成小康社会、加快社会主义现代化建设进程具有重大的战略意义和现实意义,而深入进行农村土地制度改革、完善土地经营权和宅基地使用权流转机制等则直接关系到以人为核心的城镇化质量。深圳分别于20世纪90年代初和本世纪初完成了经济特区内、外的农村城市化。其中,对于原经济特区外的农地国有化,深圳实施了不同于以往征地模式且较为激进的转地政策,在有效缓解了工业化、城市化土地需求压力的同时,也产生了一些争议和难题。分析深圳城市化转地政策的效果及影响,并从中获取有益启示,有助于在有序推进新型城镇化进程中进行兼顾国家、集体和个人利益的土地制度改革探索试验。

Promoting new-type urbanization is of great strategic and practical significance to build a well-off society in an all-round way and speed up the process of socialist modernization. Moreover, deepening the reform of rural land expropriation system and improving land management tights and the transfer mechanism of homestead use fight have direct beating on the quality of people-centered urbanization. In the early 1990s and early 2000s, Shenzhen completed the urbanization of rural areas inside and outside the special economic zones. In the process of the nationalization of agricultural land outside special economic zone, Shenzhen has implemented a special policy of land transfer, which is more radical than land expropriation in the past. At present, in some places thus appears the objective situation of ＂land urbanization＂ faster than ＂population urbanization＂. To analyze the effect and influence of land transfer in Shenzhen urbanization and draw inspiration from it is beneficial for the test of land system reform for giving consideration to national, collective and individual interests in the progress of new-type urbanization.