辛烯基琥珀酸荸荠淀粉酯的制备与理化性质研究

Preparation and Properties of Water Chestnut Starch Octenylsuccinate

以荸荠淀粉为原料,以辛烯基琥珀酸酐为酯化剂,湿法制备辛烯基琥珀酸荸荠淀粉酯,研究反应温度、反应时间、反应pH、辛烯基琥珀酸酐用量及反应初始淀粉乳浓度对辛烯基琥珀酸荸荠淀粉酯的取代度和反应效率的影响。通过单因素试验与正交试验方法,以取代度和反应效率为衡量指标,确定辛烯基琥珀酸荸荠淀粉酯最佳制备工艺。采用最优组合工艺条件制备改性淀粉酯,并与原荸荠淀粉进行理化性质比较分析。结果表明,以取代度为衡量指标,最佳制备工艺条件(优化组合1)为:反应温度40℃,反应时间6 h,pH 8.0,辛烯基琥珀酸酐用量5%,初始淀粉乳浓度40%。该条件下产品取代度为0.022 8,反应效率为59.14%。以反应效率为衡量指标,最佳制备工艺条件(优化组合2)为:反应温度40℃,反应时间6 h,pH 8.0,辛烯基琥珀酸酐用量2%,初始淀粉乳浓度40%。该条件下产品取代度为0.011 4,反应效率为73.75%。理化性质试验结果表明,与天然淀粉相比,优化组合1、优化组合2酯化改性淀粉的透明度,吸水率吸油率、抗老化性、抗凝沉性、冻融稳定性等理化性质均得到明显改善。

The process condition for the preparation of octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch（OAS starch） with respect to the degree of substitution（DS） and reaction efficiency（RE）, taking water chestnut starch as raw material, the influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, pH, the amount of OSA and initial starch slurry concentration were investigated and the preparation condition was optimized. With DS as evaluation index, orthogonal test results showed that the optimal parameters were that temperature of 40 ℃, reaction time of 6 h, pH of 8.0, the amount of OSA 5% andinitial starch slurry concentration of 40%. Under such condition（combination experiment 1）, the DS and the RE of octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch was 0.022 8 and 59.14%, respectively. With RE as evaluation index, orthogonal test results showed that the optimal parameters were that temperature of 40 ℃, reaction time of 6 h, pH of 8.0, the amount of OSA 2% and initial starch slurry concentration 40%. Under such condition（combination experiment 2）, the DS and the RE of octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch was 0.011 4 and 73.75%, respectively. Compared with raw starch, physical and chemical properties test results showed that the transparency, the water absorption rate and oil absorption rate, anti-aging capability, anti-precipitability and freeze-thaw stability of OSA starch were improved significantly.