某院2013～2016年轮状病毒肠炎数据统计分析

Statistical analysis of rotavirus enteritis in a hospital from 2013 to 2016

目的了解轮状病毒肠炎的住院情况,明确该病发病规律,为疾病的临床防控提供参考。方法回顾性分析某院病案统计管理系统2013年1月~2016年12月收治的轮状病毒肠炎患者的临床资料,利用Excel整理并汇总患者的相关信息,包括年龄、发病时间、其他系统疾病合并情况、平均住院时间、平均住院费用、离院方式、季节指数等。结果 2013年1月~2016年12月轮状病毒肠炎患儿741人次,1月和12月是每年发病高峰期,季节指数均大于300%。在年龄方面,6~12个月的婴幼儿发病人数中的占比达61.94%。心肌损害代谢性酸中毒和脱水为轮状病毒肠炎患者的主要伴随疾病,发生率分别为70.85%、64.51%、27.94%。离院方式以医嘱离院为主,占89.07%。平均住院时间(5.26±1.54)d,平均住院费用(4972.26±382.32)元。结论每年1月和12月为轮状病毒肠炎高发时间,且以6~24个月的婴幼儿的发病风险最大,应引起临床重视,遵守"勤洗手、喝开水、吃熟食、勤通风、勤消毒"的预防原则,做好家属的健康教育,尽早就诊并明确伴随疾病的发生情况,予以针对性治疗,以减少轮状病毒肠炎发病。

Objective To understand the hospitalization situation of rotavirus enteritis, to clarify the pathogenesis of the disease, and to provide reference for clinical prevention and control of the disease. Methods The clinical data of patients with rotavirus enteritis in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The relevant information of the patients was collected by Excel, including age, time of disease, the combination of other systemic diseases, the average hospitalization time, the average hospitalization cost, the way out of hospital, the season index and so on. Results There were 741 cases of rotavirus enteritis from January 2013 to December 2016. January and December were the annual peaks of the disease. The seasonal index was more than 300%. In terms of age, the proportion of infants and young children in 6-12 months accounted for 61.94%. Myocardial injury metabolic acidosis and dewatering were the main concomitant diseases of rotavirus enteritis. The incidence rates were 70.85%, 64.51% and 27.94% respectively. The way of leaving hospital was mainly from medical advice, accounting for 89.07%. The average length of stay was（5.26 ± 1.54） d, and the average hospitalization cost was（4972.26±382.32） yuan.Conclusion The incidence of rotavirus enteritis is high in January and December. The 6-24 months of infants have the greatest risk of disease. We should pay attention to clinical attention, observe the precautionary principle of ＂hand wash hands, drink boiled water, eat cooked food, ventilation, and disinfect diligently＂, do a good job of health education for family members, treat the disease as early as possible, and give specific treatment to reduce the incidence of rotavirus enteritis.