表面润滑对6061铝合金板材成形性能的影响

Effect of surface lubrication on formability of 6061 aluminum alloy sheet

针对铝合金板材冲压成形性能较差的问题，选用6061车用铝合金作为研究对象，以冲杯试验为基础，对铝合金板材与凹凸模接触面采用不同基础油进行润滑，结合计算机仿真技术，对6061铝合金在冲压过程中铝合金表面润滑状况进行了研究。结果表明，6061铝合金与模具间的润滑对其成形性能有重要影响。6061铝合金与凹模间的润滑对成形件减薄率影响较大，减小其摩擦系数能够改善其减薄率，防止拉裂的产生；6061铝合金与凸模间的润滑对成形件边缘增厚率有较大影响，适当提高其摩擦系数不仅能防止成形件边缘过度增厚引起的起皱，而且能够更好地控制板料的流动，成形件厚度更为均匀，明显提高其成形质量。

According to the problem of poor performance on the aluminum alloy sheet stamping forming, 6061 aluminum alloy for cars was chosen as the research object. Based on the cupping test, different base oils were lubricated on the contact surface of the aluminum alloy sheet and the concave and convex mold. Combined with computer simulation technology, the surface lubrication conditions of 6061 alumi- num alloy were analyzed. The results show that the lubrication between the 6061 aluminum alloy and molds has important effect on forming properties of 6061 aluminum alloy. The lubrication between the 6061 aluminum alloy and the die has a great influence on the thinning rate, reducing the friction coefficient can improve the thinning rate and prevent the occurrence of cracking; the lubrication between the 6061 aluminum alloy and the punch has a great influence on the edge thickening of the forming part, appropriately improving the friction coefficient can not only prevent the wrinkling caused by the thickening of the edge of the forming part, but also can better control the flow of the sheet material, and the thickness of the forming part is more uniform and forming quality is obviously improved.