高原城市土地利用景观格局变化分析——以云南省昆明市西山区为例

Analysis of Landscape Pattern Change of Urban Land use in Plateau Mountain Area: A Case Study of Xishan District,Kunming,Yunnan

近年来西山区经历了快速城市化过程,景观格局发生了较大变化。采用2009年、2015年土地利用现状数据和2020年土地利用规划数据,基于景观生态学原理,选取10个景观格局指数对西山区土地利用格局变化进行深入分析。研究表明:从景观格局水平看,2009年-2015年研究区景观破碎化程度在增大,2015年-2020年破碎化程度在下降;从类型水平指数看,2009年-2015年城乡建设用地、耕地和自然保留地破碎化程度在变大,至2020年破碎化程度在逐渐下降。城市化是土地利用景观格局发生变化的主要驱动因素。随着环境保护、产业布局及土地利用总体规划等政策的制定,土地利用空间格局趋于科学合理。所选取景观指数能够反映研究区土地利用景观格局变化特征,可为类似高原城市土地利用景观格局的时空变化定量分析提供借鉴和参考。

In recent years,Xishan district has experienced rapid urbanization,and its landscape pattern has changed greatly. On account of the present land use data in 2009 and 2015 and the land use planning data in 2020,based on the principle of landscape ecology,10 landscape pattern indices were selected to analyze the change of land use pattern. Research shows that： From the landscape level index,the degree of landscape fragmentation in study area from 2009 to 2015 is increasing,and the degree of fragmentation from 2015 to 2020 is decreasing; From the type level index,the fragmentation degree of urban and rural construction land,cultivated land and natural reserve from 2009 to 2015 is increasing,and the degree of fragmentation from 2015 to 2010 is decreasing gradually. It shows that urbanization is the main driving factor of the change of land use landscape pattern. With the formulation of environmental protection,industrial layout and overall planning of land use,the land use pattern becomes more scientific and rational. The selected landscape indexes can reflect the change of land use landscape pattern in the study area. It can be used as a reference for the quantitative analysis of temporal and spatial variation characteristics of land use pattern in plateau cities.