吉首市岩溶区石漠化变化特征

The change characteristics of rock desertification monitoring in karst area of Jishou City

根据吉首市第三次石漠化监测的数据,分析了吉首市岩溶区在生态综合治理下石漠化的变化特征及发展趋势。研究结果表明:吉首市监测区域总面积为94 011.2 hm2,岩溶土地面积94 011.2 hm2,石漠化面积23 690.3 hm2,潜在石漠化面积28 501.7 hm2,石漠化发生率为25.20%。其中,乾州的石漠化面积最大,占全市总面积的30.43%。从石漠化程度来看,吉首市主要为轻度石漠化(89.33%),中度和重度石漠化面积较少(10.7%)。吉首市石漠化土地的主要特点是:林地中仍有石漠化土地;石漠化土地中个体所有面积高于国有和集体;生态治理工程一定程度上抑制了石漠化发展,使得吉首市石漠化现状趋向于稳定;替代能源发展差的地区石漠化程度比替代能源发展好的地区重等。针对这些问题,提出了石漠化治理的相关对策及建议。

Basing on the data of the third rock desertification monitoring of Jishou City,the change characteristics and development trend of stony desertification under ecological comprehensive control of rock desertification in karst area of Jishou City were analyzed. The results showed that the total area of monitoring area of Jishou City is 94 011. 2 hm^2,and the area of karst land is 94 011. 2 hm^2,the area of rocky desertification is 23 690. 3 hm^2,the potential rocky desertification is 28 501. 7 hm^2,and the occurrence rate of rocky desertification is 25. 20%. Among the towns,the rocky desertification area of Qianzhou is the largest,accounting for 30. 43% of the total area of the city. In terms of the degree of rocky desertification,Jishou City is mainly facing the mild rocky desertification（ 89. 33%）,and moderate and severe rocky desertification area is less（10. 7%）. The main characteristics of the rocky desertification land in Jishou City are as follows： there is still rocky desertification land in the woodland; the individual area of the rocky desertification land is higher than that of the state and the group; the ecological management engineering had inhibited the rocky desertification development,makes the rocky desertification status tends of Jishou City to stability,etc. In view of these problems,some desertification control countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.