保乳术治疗早期乳腺癌的可行性及对患者术后生存质量的影响

The feasibility of breast conserving surgery in the treatment of early breast cancer and its effect on the postoperative quality of life of the patients

目的探讨保乳术治疗早期乳腺癌的可行性及对患者术后生存质量的影响。方法选取本院于2014年1月~2015年12月间收治的100例早期乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字法分为对照组和研究组,对照组50例予以改良根治术治疗,研究组50例予以保乳术治疗。比较两组患者出血量、切口长度、手术时间、住院时间、乳房美容效果,随访2年统计两组患者生存率、并发症发生、局部复发率、腋淋巴结复发率、远处转移率,观察手术前及手术2个月后生存质量评分。结果研究组患者出血量及切口长度显著低于对照组,手术时间及住院时间显著短于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组患者乳房美容优良率(96.00%)显著高于对照组(80.00%)(P<0.05)。两组患者生存率、并发症发生、局部复发率、腋淋巴结复发率、远处转移率比较差异无统计学意义。两组患者干预前生存质量各维度评分比较差异无统计学意义,干预后两组患者生存质量评分均显著升高,且研究组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论保乳术治疗早期乳腺癌对患者损伤较小,术后恢复快,乳房美观度高,患者生存质量好。

Objective To explore the feasibility of breast conserving surgery in the treatment of early breast cancer mad the effect on the quality of life of the patients after operation. Methods Selected 100 cases of early breast cancer admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected as the research subjects. They were randomly divided into control group and research group. 50 cases in the control group were treated by modified radical mastectomy, and 50 cases in the study group were treated by breast conserving surgery. Comparison of two groups of pa- tients with blood loss, length of incision, operation time, hospitalization time, breast cosmetic effect, 2 years follow-up statistics of two groups of pa- tients survival rate, complications, local recurrence rate, axillaxy recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, observed before operation and 2 months after surgery quality of life scores. Results The amount of bleeding and the length of incision in the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the operation time and the time of hospitalization were significantly shorter than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. The good rate of breast beauty in the study group （96.00%） was significantly higher than that of the control group （80.00%） （P〈0.05）. There was no signifi- cant difference in survival rate, complication, local recurrence rate, recurrence rate of axillaxy lymph node recurrence and distant metastasis rate in the two groups. There was no significant difference in the quality of life between the two groups before intervention. After intervention, the scores of quality of life in the two groups were significantly increased, and the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion In the treatment of early breast cancer, breast conserving surgery has less injury to patients, rapid recovery, high breast beauty and good quality of life.