云南东川小江沿岸农田土壤和白菜重金属污染研究

Investigation of Farmland Soil and Chinese Cabbage Heavy Metal Pollution along Banks of Xiaojiang in Dongchuan,Yunnan Province

【目的】对云南东川小江沿岸农田土壤及白菜进行野外调查采样,测定分析土壤及白菜中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn含量。【方法】采用单项污染指数法和综合污染指数法对农作物中重金属污染状况进行评价。【结果】在研究区农田土壤中As、Cd和Cu元素超标,Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn基本不构成污染,矿业活动区土壤污染最为严重。【结论】研究区白菜中的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn全部超标,超标率均为100%。白菜污染程度为:矿业活动区>东川上游>东川中游>东川下游,白菜对Pb的富集吸收能力最强。

【Objective】The samples were collected from farmland soil and Chinese cabbage along the banks of Xiaojiang in Dongchuan,Yunnan province to detect and analyze the contents of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb and Zn in soil and Chinese cabbage.【Method】The single factor and comprehensive contaminant index methods were adopted to analyze the heavy metal accumulation characteristics of vegetable and soils.【Result】As,Cd and Cu were over the standard in cropland of research area,Cr,Hg,Ni,Pb and Zn did not have the contamination effect,and the soil contamination was the most serious in Mine area.【Conclusion】The content of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb and Zn in Chinese cabbage of research area was all over the standard,the rate of over-standard was 100 %.The heavy metal pollution in Chinese cabbage followed the order from heavy to light as mining area upstream of Dongchuan midstream of Dongchuan downstream of Dongchuan.The gathering and absorbing ability of Pb in Chinese cabbage was the strongest.