脱毒红将军苹果品种在重茬果园的栽培表现与果实品质分析

Cultivation Performance and Fruit Quality of Virus-Free Red General Apple Variety in Replanted Orchard

[目的]研究脱毒红将军在老龄重茬果园内的栽培表现和果实品质。[方法]以5年生红将军脱毒苹果苗和常规苗为试材,研究其在重茬改建果园内的植株长势、果实品质和单位面积效益。[结果]5年生脱毒植株的干周、单株结果数分别是常规植株的1.43倍和1.41倍,平均单果重高33.4 g,单株产量高12.14 kg,2017年平均效益增加55 725.0元/hm^2。[结论]在重茬果园内,栽植红将军脱毒苗木具有植株长势旺盛、单株产量高、不表现花脸锈果病毒、抗重茬能力强等优点,适于在烟台地区老果园中推广应用。

[Objective]To study cultivation performance and fruit quality of virus-free red general apple in replanted orchard. [Method]5-yearold virus free red general apple variety in replanted orchard was used as the material in this experiment,and the plant growth,fruit quality and benefit were studied with common red general apple trees as contrast. [Result]The perimeter of the trunk and number of single plant of the 5-year-old virus-free plants were 1. 43 and 1. 41 of the common red general apple trees. And the average fruit weight,yield per plant and benefit were 33. 4 g,12. 14 kg,55 725 Yuan/hm2 higher than common red general apple trees. [Conclusion]Virus-free red general apple seedlings had apparent advantages of stronger growth vigor,higher yield,no scar skin virus and better resistance to replant disease in replant orchard,and it was suitable to be used in old orchard in Yantai area.