猕猴桃属33份种质资源的AFLP遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity of 33 kiwifruit germplasms based on AFLP markers

运用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)技术,分析了采自于湖南、四川、贵州和海南的33份猕猴桃种质资源的遗传多样性和遗传差异。结果显示,23对AFLP引物共扩增出683条条带,其中多态性条带622条,多态性比例为91.07%,对33份种质材料的区分率达100%。对扩增结果的UPGMA聚类谱系图分析显示,33份种质资源之间的相似系数在0.51~0.95之间,遗传差异性显著。在相似系数0.70的水平上可以将33份种质分为3个类群,Ⅰ类为中华猕猴桃和美味猕猴桃,Ⅱ类为阔叶猕猴桃,Ⅲ类为对萼猕猴桃。在最大的I类类群中,31个中华猕猴桃和美味猕猴桃种质又可以在相似系数0.82水平上分为几个细类,它们具有按地理来源优先聚类的趋势和种内种间的聚类交叉现象。AFLP技术结合传统的形态分类方法可以作为猕猴桃种质分类及选育种的评价依据。

The genetic diversities and genetic differences of 33 kiwifruit germplasm resources colleted from Hunan,Sichuan,Guizhou and Hainan province were analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism（AFLP） markers. The results showed that 683 electrophoretic bands were detected totally,of which 622 bands were polymorphic by using 23 pairs of primers,representing 91. 07% of the total bands. The identification rates of 33 germplasms were up to 100%. Based on clustering analysis on the AFLP results by UPGMA,the dendrogram indicated that the similarity coefficients of 33 germplasms of kiwifruit ranged from 0. 51-0. 95,presented a higher level of diversity. Thirty-three germplasms could divide into 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0. 70,with Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa clustered into the largest group,A. latifolia clustered into the second group and Actinidia valvata the third. Thirty-one germplasms in the first group were further divided into several subgroups according to the similarity coefficient of 0. 82. Accessions within Actinidia chinensis and A. deliciosa had closely genetic relationship and would be clustered preferentially related to their geographical origin. Cross clustering relationship among intraspecific and interspecific were also observed in this group. The combination of AFLP and traditional classification could be used in germplasm evaluation and variety selection.