东南亚华裔学习者汉语词汇知识发展过程实证研究

Case Study on the Development of Chinese Vocabulary knowledge of Chinese learners in Southeast Asia

以词汇等级、词汇类型和汉语水平三个因素作为自变量,考察了华裔学习者词汇知识发展的历程,该群体词汇的发展呈现出如下特点:华裔学习者对词汇频率的敏感性要弱一些,即对初级、中级词汇的习得差别不大;中、高级华裔学习者与初级学习者在接受性词汇上没有差异;初级阶段接受性词汇多于产出性词汇,中级和高级阶段产出性词汇多于接受性词汇,且由于高级阶段接受性词汇的不足,产出性词汇发展受阻。华裔学习者词汇的发展经历了以下四个阶段:接受性词汇优先发展期;接受性词汇和产出性词汇并进发展期;接受性词汇发展缓慢、产出性词汇持续发展期;全面停滞期。这一实证研究将给华裔学习者的词汇习得和课堂教学带来一定启示。

The present study examines whether the types of vocabulary knowledge,the vocabulary level and the Chinese language proficiency affect mental development of Chinese vocabulary knowledge by Chinese heritage learners.The experimental results indicate that the three independent variables mentioned above all have significant effects on the development of Chinese vocabulary knowledge.The acquisition of Chinese vocabulary knowledge has experienced the four periods： period of priority to the development of receptive vocabulary knowledge; period of joint development of receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge; period of slow development of receptive vocabulary and sustainable development of productive vocabulary knowledge; period of total stagnation,respectively.