“一带一路”沿线国家来华留学生对我国经济增长的空间溢出效应

On the spatial spillover effects of inbound students from "the Belt and Road" initiative regions on China′s economic growth

基于1999—2015年我国29个省份的面板数据,文章采用柯布-道格拉斯生产函数探讨了"一带一路"沿线国家来华留学生对我国经济增长的贡献及所呈现出的空间特征。结果显示:"一带一路"沿线国家来华留学生对我国经济增长有明显的促进作用,且能够为我国创造更多的工作岗位;根据空间自相关性检验结果,"一带一路"沿线国家来华留学生分布存在显著的正向空间相关性,大部分表现出空间集聚特征,对邻近省份和其他省份均存在空间溢出效应;利用空间杜宾模型计算后发现,"一带一路"沿线国家来华留学生不仅可以促进本地经济发展,而且能带动相邻省域的经济发展。为进一步增强"一带一路"沿线国家来华留学生的空间溢出效应,构建灵活的奖学金制度和宽松的就业政策、完善留学教育质量保障体系、建立"留学基地"等至关重要。

Based on the Cobb-Douglas production function and the provincial panel data of China′s 29 provinces and autonomous regions from 1999 to 2015,this paper deals with the contribution to China′s economic growth and the spatial characteristics of inbound students from ＂the Belt and Road＂ regional countries.The results show that the inbound students from countries along ＂the Belt and Road＂ initiative have significantly promoted China′s economic growth and created much job opportunities;according to the test of spatial autocorrelation,there is a significantly positive spatial correlation among the distributions of inbound students and most of which show the characteristics of spatial agglomeration;by the Spatial Durbin Model,it is discovered that the inbound students can not only promote local economic development but also has a decisive influence on the spillover effects of economic growth.It is highly necessary to establish a flexible scholarship system,loose employment policy,perfect quality assurance system and international study base in order to enhance the spillover effects of inbound students from ＂the Belt and Road＂ initiative related regions.