基于压缩试验的两种橡胶材料本构模型分析

Constitutive Models of Two Kinds of Rubber Material based on Compression Tests

橡胶材料具有独特的黏弹性能,在产品设计中常被当作减震和缓冲材料,以减轻或预防冲击载荷所产生的损伤。但由于橡胶材料的压缩特性受胶料种类、硬度、工艺等因素的影响,其本构关系的非线性化使得工程模拟非常困难,从而给橡胶材料的选型带来了极大的难度。本文以天然橡胶和丁基橡胶为研究对象,分别开展准静态压缩试验和动态压缩试验,并基于橡胶中常用的Mooney-Rivlin模型,运用MATLAB软件进行试验数据处理和数值分析,确定Mooney-Rivlin本构关系的参数,从而对比分析两种橡胶材料的准静态压缩性能和动态压缩性能,为工程应用提供借鉴。

The rubber material is generally considered as shock absorption material and buff material in product design due to its excellent viscoelastic property. However, the compressing property of the rubber material depends on various factors, such as the kind, the solidity, the processing technique and so on. Because of the strong non-linear constitutive relation of the rubber material, it is very difficult to conduct engineering simulation. In this paper, the natural rubber and the butyl rubber are investigated and their quasi-static compression test and dynamic compression test are conducted. The test results are processed and analyzed by Matlab code and the parameters in conventional Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model are determined. Thereby, the quasi-static compression property and the dynamic compression property of the rubber material are analyzed, which may provide a reference for engineering application.