基于圆柱近场声全息的水下声源定位实验验证

Experiment Verification of Underwater Noise Localization based on Cylindrical Near-field Acoustic Holography

为提高水下航行器的声隐身性,或者减少其对海洋环境的噪声影响,噪声源的定位与识别对于制定合理的控制方案具有重要的工程价值。同时,对水下航行器的声辐射特性进行评估和管理是其升级和使用过程中不可或缺的环节之一。近场声全息技术利用在船体表面附近测量面测得的声压数据,采用声场变换方法,既可反向重建辐射声源面声场从而定位船体上的噪声源,也可正向重建测量面外部声场从而预测远场声辐射。通过OROS水下声全息软件展示如何利用NAH进行声源定位和远场预测,该软件是目前市场上唯一的水下近场声全息解决方案。考虑到水下航行器以圆柱体结构居多,本文开展了圆柱近场声全息的实验研究,得到了准确的辐射声场信息,验证了该方法的准确性和有效性,为圆柱近场声全息技术的水下工程应用提供参考。

To improve the stealthiness of underwater vehicles, or to reduce the impacts of vessels on the marine environment, it is necessary to identify their noise sources. Furthermore, the proper acoustic control and management of underwater noise radiation of vessels is critical during the intended upgrades and operational service. Near-field acoustic holography（NAH） is a technology that acquires near-field measurements in the vicinity of the hull, which can be backpropagated to locate the hot-spots on the hull, and can be forward-propagated to predict the far-field radiated noise of the vessel. With OROS Underwater Holography software, which is the only underwater NAH solution in the market, the use of NAH for noise localization and far-field prediction is presented. Considering the typical shape of underwater vehicles,cylindrical NAH is adopted in this paper. The accurate acoustic maps generated from experimental measurements verify the correctness and efficiency of this technology in naval applications.