秦皇岛海水浴场海滩小型底栖动物丰度的研究

Study on Abundance of Meiofauna on the Bathing Beach of Qinhuangdao

2013年5月、9月和10月,在秦皇岛东山浴场海滩对小型底栖动物进行采样,对其平均丰度、各潮带水平分布、垂直分布和优势类群进行了研究。结果显示:小型底栖动物的平均丰度为695.26 ind/10 cm^2,5月份最低为428.58 ind/10 cm^2,9月份为504.99 ind/10 cm^2,10月份最高达到1 152.20 ind/10 cm^2;低潮带平均丰度为261.68 ind/10 cm^2,中潮带为318.54 ind/10 cm^2,高潮带为115.04 ind/10 cm^2;主要小型底栖动物类群为自由生活的海洋线虫、桡足类、多毛类、枝角类、涡虫类和端足类等,其中,海洋线虫为第一绝对优势类群,平均占93.01%,多毛类和涡虫类分别为第二、三优势类群,平均分别占3.28%和2.81%;小型底栖动物垂直分布由表层向底层呈减少的趋势。此外,海洋线虫与桡足类的丰度比为695.69,大于100,初步判断为有污染。

Three investigations on the meiofauna on the bathing beach of Qinhuangdao were conducted in May,September,and October 2013. The average abundance,level and vertical distribution of intertidal zone,dominant groups were studied. The results show that the average abundance of meiofauna is 695. 26 ind/10 cm^2. The abundance is at the lowest level of 428. 58 ind/10 cm^2 in May,then rises to 504. 99 ind/10 cm^2 in October,and reaches the highest level of 1152. 20 ind/10 cm^2 in September. The average abundance is 261. 68 ind/10 cm^2 in the low intertidal zone,318. 54 ind/10 cm^2 in the middle intertidal zone,and 115. 04 ind/10 cm^2 in the high intertidal zone. Meiofauna groups are identified as free-living marine nematodes,copepods,polychaetes,cladocerans,turbellaria and amphipoda,etc. Free-living marine nematodes are the most dominant group in abundance,with a relative dominance of 93. 01%,followed by polychaeta and turbellarians accounted for 3. 28%and 2. 81% respectively. The vertical distribution of meiofauna from the surface to the bottom shows a decreasing trend. In addition,the abundance ratio of marine nematodes and copepods is 695. 69,more than 100,a preliminary judge for pollution.