NGO与社会发展——论社会组织、社区建设与基层社会治理

NGO and Social Development: Social Organization, Community Building and Grassroots Social Governance in the Post-Economic State Era

中共十九大对社会基本矛盾的新界定标志着中国总体公共政策向更高阶段的转变。非政府组织(NGO)作为国家、市场以外的第三要素,是实现既充分又平衡的发展战略,促进社会公平、公共福利和公众参与的必要载体。在社区建设与基层治理中,社会组织承担政府转让出来的部分社会职能,须提高自身素质和专业化程度,增强民众的认同。社会组织的成长和壮大,需要政府加大资金支持,并逐步取消不利于社会组织发展的历史桎梏。社会组织则需要自觉接受来自社会的监督,在社会治理现代化过程中更好地发挥作用。对于NGO的政策引导和支持,需要有创新思维,包括积极研究、解决和预防各种社会问题,以求和谐共进。进一步探讨了社会组织、社区建设与基层社会治理的互动机制,并对公益组织与社会企业的地位、社会工作以及志愿服务的作用加以分析,最后从社会组织培育的角度考察社区营造的途径及其与基层社会治理的关系。

The 19 th CPC National Congress made a new definition of the basic social conflict, marking a shift of China＇s general public policy to a higher level. Non-governmental organizations（NGOs）, as the third element apart from the state and the market, is the essential carrier for the fulfillment of sufficient and even development strategy, furthering social equality, public welfare and participation. In community construction and grass-root social governance, social organizations should improve their qualities professionalism and strengthen identification from the public to undertake social functions transferred from the government. The growth and expansion of social organizations needs greater financial support from the government and gradual removal of historical barriers unfit for their development, and social organizations should welcome supervision from the society voluntarily, and better play their roles in the modernization of social governance. Innovation ideas are required for the policy guidance and support for NGO, including active research, solution and prevention of various social issues for the sake of harmonious progress. Besides, the paper also explores the interactive mechanism of social organizations, community construction and grass-root governance, analyzing the social status of non-profit organizations and social enterprises, the function of social work and volunteer service. In the end, it investigates the paths for community construction and its relations with grass-root social governance from the perspective of cultivation of social organizations.