冷战后欧盟对南高加索地区政策研究——政策演变、主要动因和影响要素

On the EU's Policies towards South Caucasus since the Cold War: Policy Evolution, Main Impetuses and Impact Factors

对于南高加索地区的国家来说,该地区丰富的石油储备和独特的地缘经济与地缘战略地位(作为沟通欧洲与亚洲运输走廊的角色),日益受到国际上主要大国和国际组织的关注,欧盟就是其中之一。尽管冷战结束后欧盟制定了诸多政策项目,并对高加索地区国家提供人道和技术援助,但是欧盟对南高加索政策的发展和变迁,不仅取决于欧盟自身及其成员国对该地区局势的认知和理解,还受到国际层面(美俄、美伊的博弈)与地区层面(北约和难以构建地区安全复合体)的影响。所以,本文通过对欧盟的南高加索的政策演变进行梳理,分析了欧盟调整南高加索政策的主要动因,强调欧盟的政策除了要协调内部机构以及成员国之间分歧,还应该纳入到更为广泛的地缘视野中加以审视,并处理好与美、俄之间关系,兼顾美俄关系产生的影响。

For states of South Caucasus, their abundant oil reserves, their special geopolitical and geo-economic status as transportation corridor between Europe and Asia, have attracted increasing attention from major powers and international organizations. The EU is one of them. Since the end of the Cold War, although the EU has formulated many policies, programs and provided South Caucasus with humanitarian aids and technical assistances, yet the development and evolution of its policies not only lies in the EU and its members＇ perceptions and understanding regarding the EU＇s in this zone, but also depends on international and regional factors, such as the U.S.-Russia game, the U.S.-Iran game, the NATO and difficulty to construct a regional security complex. Looking back to the evolution of the EU＇s South Caucasus policies, this paper analyses main impetuses, emphasizing that the EU＇s policies should be explored within a wider geostrategic perspective in addition to coordinating disagreements both within the organization and also between its members. Meanwhile, the U.S.-Russia relationship should be taken into consideration as well.