北京两家三级甲等医院ICU护士同情疲劳现状及影响因素分析

A survey in compassion fatigue and the related factors of ICU nurses in Beijing＇ s two tertiary hospitals

目的了解北京2家三级甲等医院ICU护士同情疲劳现状及其影响因素，为进一步采取干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用一般资料调查表和医护人员同情疲劳量表对北京市2家三级甲等医院（中日友好医院和首钢医院）的294名ICU护士进行问卷调查。结果62．86％（176／280）ICU护士存在同情疲劳，且整体同情疲劳均值为2．68分。其中得分较高的是“热情丧失”（2．77±0．72）分、“情感淡漠”（2．77±0．52）分和“能力怀疑”（2．75±0．67）分；学历、婚姻状况以及职务是ICU护士同情疲劳的主要影响因素；患者及家属给予的压力是ICU护士产生同情疲劳的主要原因。结论北京市ICU护士存在同情疲劳，建议护理管理者从管理角度针对同情疲劳的影响因素和主要原因积极采取措施，延缓ICU护士同情疲劳发生和协助其排解同情疲劳。

Objective To investigate the compassion fatigue status and its related factors of ICU nurses in two tertiary hospitals in Beijing, providing a theoretical basis for further intervention. Methods This survey was conducted on 294 ICU nurses in two tertiary hospitals in Beijing using general information questionnaire and compassion fatigue scale. Results Nearly 62.86% （176/280） of ICU nurses had compassion fatigue, and the overall average score was 2.68. Among all the dimensions, the higher were 2.77±0.72 of ＂loss of enthusiasm＂, 2.77±0.52 of ＂feeling indifference＂ and 2.75±0.67 of ＂ability doubt＂. The education degree, marital status and post were the main influencing factors of compassion fatigue. And the pressure from patients and their families were the main reasons of compassion fatigue of the nurses. Conclusions There is compassion fatigue among ICU nurses in two hospitals in Beijing, it is suggested that nursing managers should avoid the impact of sympathetic factors from the management point of view, reducing ICU nurses sympathy fatigue.