聚异丁烯丁二酸酐衍生物合成工艺研究

Synthesis of Polyisobutenyl Succinic Anhydride Derivatives

以氨基酸酯盐酸盐、聚异丁烯丁二酸酐(PIBSA)为主要原料,N,N′-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)为催化剂,基础油为溶剂,经反应合成了聚异丁烯丁二酸酐衍生物类乳化炸药用乳化剂。考察了氨基酸酯盐酸盐种类、基础油种类、反应物配比、反应温度及反应时间等因素对乳化剂性能的影响。优化反应条件为:以220 N基础油为溶剂,n(PIBSA)∶n(o-叔丁基-L-丝氨酸甲酯盐酸盐)=1.0∶1.1,反应温度140℃,反应时间6 h。此合成工艺简单,安全可靠,适合工业化生产。所合成乳化剂临界乳化剂用量为1 g,乳胶基质水溶值为1.26%,适合用于制备乳化炸药。

Emulsifier for emulsion explosives of polyisobutylene dihydride derivatives was synthesized from aminoacid ester hydrochloride and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride （PIBSA） using N,N＇-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide （DCC） as catalyst in base oil. The effects of amino-acid ester hydrochloride type, base oil type, molar ratio of reactants, reaction temperature and reaction time on the properties of emulsifier were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions include n （PIBSA） ：n （O-tert-butyl-L-serine methyl ester hydrochloride） of 1.0：1.1, reaction temperature of 140℃ and reaction time of 6 h. This synthetic process was simple, safe and reliable, suitable for industrial production. The critical emulsifier dosage of the title emulsifier was 1 g and the water solubility value of the emulsion was 1.26%, which is suitable for the preparation of emulsion explosive.