呼吸道病毒感染对哮喘患儿Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响

Impacts of respiratory virus infection on Th1/Th2 cytokines in children with bronchial asthma

目的研究不同呼吸道病毒感染对支气管哮喘患儿血清辅助型T细胞1(Th1)/Th2细胞因子水平的影响。方法选取医院收治的260例支气管哮喘患儿为研究对象,就诊或入院当日采集患儿鼻咽部分泌物,检测有无呼吸道病毒感染及其类型,比较不同呼吸道病毒感染患儿Th1、Th2细胞因子及Th1/Th2细胞因子比值,评估肺功能及血气指标。结果 260例中,共发现呼吸道病毒感染181例,感染率为69.9%,感染病毒包括呼吸道合胞病毒、副流感病毒、流感病毒、鼻病毒。无病毒感染组Th1、Th1/Th2细胞因子比值显著高于病毒感染组(P<0.05),Th2显著低于病毒感染组(P<0.05)。呼吸道合胞病毒组Th2显著高于其他3组病毒感染组(P<0.05),而Th1/Th2细胞因子比值显著低于其他3组病毒感染组(P<0.05)。结论呼吸道病毒感染可引起支气管哮喘患儿Th1细胞功能减退,Th2细胞功能活化,其中呼吸道合胞病毒感染对Th1/Th2细胞因子失衡的影响最为显著。

Objective To study the impacts of varied respiratory virus infections on levels of serum T helper cell（Th1）/（Th2）cytokines in children with bronchial asthma. Methods A total of 260 child patients who had been suffering from bronchial asthma and had been admitted into our hospital were taken as research subjects. Nasopharyngeal secretions of the research subjects were collected on the day of treatment or admission to detect and determine the type of respiratory virus infection. The levels of Th1 and Th2 as well as the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratio of the children with varied respiratory virus infections were compared, with the pulmonary function and blood gas indices assessed. Results Among the 260 cases, 181 cases of respiratory virus infection were detected,showing an infection rate of 69.9%. The infectious viruses included respiratory syncytial virus, PIV, IV and rhinovirus. The Th1 levels and Th1/Th2 cytokine ratios in the infection-free group were significantly higher than those in the infection group（P〈0.05） while the Th2 levels were significantly lower than those in the infection group（P〈0.05）. The Th2 levels in the respiratory syncytial virus group were significantly higher than those in the other three groups（P〈0.05） while the Th1/Th2 cytokine ratios were significantly lower than those in the other three groups（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Respiratory virus infection can cause hypofunction of Th1 cell and activation of Th2 cell in the children with bronchial asthma. Particularly, the infection of respiratory syncytial virus affects the Th1/Th2 cytokine unbalance most greatly.