新形态创新成果知识产权保护探析

Research on Intellectual Property Protection of the New Forms of Innovation Achievements

新形态创新成果包括数据库、商业模式、地理标志、传统知识、植物新品种、实用艺术品、生物遗传资源等传统上不受知识产权保护或者需要创新知识产权保护方式的智力活动成果,还包括众创、众包、众扶、众筹、互联网、大数据、电子商务等相关的新业态新领域智力活动成果。国内外新形势要求加强新形态创新成果知识产权保护,我国现有知识产权保护的客体范围、授权条件、审查程序、先用权限制以及司法审判体制、模式、程序等尚不足以保护新形态创新成果。借鉴美欧日相应做法,以知识产权充分保护新形态创新成果,建立健全新形态创新成果知识产权优先保护机制,由知识产权法院(庭)集中管辖新形态创新成果案件。

New forms of innovation achievements are intellectual achievements which are traditionally protected by intellectual property（IP） law or need to be protected in new ways, including database, business model, geographical indications, traditional knowledge, new varieties of plants, and biological genetic resources. They also include intellectual achievements in new industries or fields, such as popular entrepreneurship, crowdsourcing, collective support, crowd-funding, Internet, big data, and e-commerce. Under the new situation at home and abroad, the protection of new forms of innovation achievements need to be strengthened. However, current IP protection regulations on object scope, authorization conditions, review procedures, limitation of priority right, and the judicial system, model, and procedure can not provide adequate intellectual property protection. Using the practices of the United States, Europe and Japan for reference, several suggestions are put forth in this paper. New forms of innovation achievement should be fully protected by IP. IP priority protection mechanism should be established and perfected. The case related to the protection of new forms of innovation achievements should be under the jurisdiction of IP courts.