饲料中添加蚯蚓粉和蚯蚓粪对罗非鱼生长及血清抗氧化指标的影响

Effects of dietary earthworm powder and vermicompost on growth performance and serum antioxidant indices in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

为研究并验证基础饲料中添加不同水平的蚯蚓粉和蚯蚓粪对罗非鱼Oreochromis niloticus生长性能及血清抗氧化指标的影响,选用同一批次初体质量为(52.98±0.33)g的罗非鱼幼鱼180尾,随机分成6组,每组设3个重复,分别饲喂基础饲料(A组),添加2.5%、5.0%、7.5%蚯蚓粪的饲料(B1、B2、B3组),添加蚯蚓粪+蚯蚓粉(5.0%+0.150%、7.5%+0.225%)的混合饲料(C1、C2组),试验在室内玻璃水族箱(100 cm×50 cm×50 cm)中进行,饲养60 d后测定罗非鱼生长和抗氧化指标。结果表明:试验用蚯蚓粉粗蛋白质为57.93%,蚯蚓粪粗蛋白质为3.81%;B、C组与A组相比,饲料系数稍低,增重率、特定生长率和血清抗氧化免疫能力稍高,以饲料中添加5.0%蚯蚓粪(B2组)最好,但经方差分析显示,所有指标差异均未达到显著性水平(P>0.05)。本试验结果为蚯蚓粪及蚯蚓粉在水产饲料中的合理应用和新饲料产品开发提供了理论依据,对罗非鱼养殖具有一定指导意义。

A total of 180 individuals of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus with an initial body weight of（ 52.98±0.33）g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group,10 fish per replicates,reared in an indoor tank（ 100 cm×50 cm×50 cm） and fed basal diet（ control group A）,and the basal diets supplemented with vermicompost at a rate of 2.5%（ group B1）,5.0%（ group B2） and 7.5%（ group B3）,and with mixture of vermicompost and earthworm powder at a ratio of 5.0% ＋ 0.150%（ group C1） and 7.5% ＋ 0.225%（ group C2） for 60 d. The growth performance and serum antioxidant indices were analyzed and compared with Tukey multiple comparison analysis method to investigate the effects of dietary vermicompost and earthworm powder on growth performance and serum antioxidant indices in Nile tilapia. The results showed that there was 57.93% of crude protein in the earthworm powder and 3.81% of crude protein in the vermicompost. Nile tilapia in groups B1,B2,B3,C1,and C2 had slight lower food conversion ratio,and higher specific growth rate,weight gain and serum antioxidant indices,the best in the fish in group B2.Tukey multiple comparison analysis revealed that there was no significant difference in all indices（ P〉0.05）. The findings provided the theoretical reference and data for reasonable application and development of vermicompost and earthworm powder as feed additives in aquaculture.