实质法律推理中法官的价值判断

The Judges' Value Judgment in Practical Legal Inference

实质法律推理是相对形式法律推理而言的一种推理方法 ,它强调的是法官如何弥补形式法律推理的不足,在现存具体法律规范不能有效适应司法裁判需要的情况下灵活地选择和适用大前提。实质法律推理的特点决定了法官的价值判断在这个过程中发挥着关键甚至是核心作用,公共政策、道德、社会利益与公序良俗等因素对法官价值判断产生着重要影响。为避免对实质法律推理的滥用,可以从提高法官自身素养和加强社会监督两个方面入手进行规制。

Practical legal inference is a method of legal reasoning relative to formal legal inference, the formeremphasize how judges try to cover the shortage of the latter by flexibly choosing and applying the major premiseunder circumstance of existing concrete legal norms failing to effectively meet the demand of judicial adjudication. Its characters decide that judges’ value judgment plays a pivotal or even central role in this process. Publicpolicy, morality, social benefit, public order and good customs exert vital influence on value judgment. To avoidabuse of practical legal inference, it’s helpful to regulate it by improving the judges’own quality and strengthening social supervision at the same time.