无线传感器网络覆盖漏洞修补策略研究

A Strategy of Repairing a Coverage Hole in Wireless Sensor Networks

为避免静态无线传感器网络中常出现的覆盖漏洞对网络性能的影响,提出了一种覆盖漏洞修补策略。该算法首先根据估算的覆盖漏洞面积大小将覆盖漏洞分类成无需修补的覆盖漏洞、仅需一个节点修补的覆盖漏洞和需多个节点修补的覆盖漏洞;然后针对需要修补的2种覆盖漏洞分别提出了最小覆盖圆修补算法和蜂窝生长修补算法;最后,利用小型无人机将增补感知节点放置到算法所求的坐标位置处实现对静态无线传感器网络覆盖漏洞的修补。在仿真结果分析中,在相同仿真环境下将该算法与其他经典算法进行了对比分析,结果表明该算法的修补覆盖率较经典算法提升了约10%,所需节点数也减少约20个。同时针对设定的某一实际环境进行了仿真实验,其修补之后的覆盖率达到了96.578 5%。

In order to avoid the impact of the usual coverage holes on network performance at static in wireless sensor networks,this paper proposes a strategy of repairing a coverage hole.Firstly,according to the estimated area sizes of coverage holes,a coverage hole can be classified into three categories,i.e.norepair coverage hole,one-node repair coverage hole,and multi-node repair coverage holes.Secondly,a minimum coverage circle repair algorithm and a cellular growth repair algorithm are proposed in view of the two kinds of coverage holes needed to be repaired.At last,the paper utilizes small UAVs for placing the added sensor nodes in the coordinate position of the algorithm to realize repairing the coverage holes in the static wireless sensor network.In the simulation result analysis,the algorithm is compared with other classical algorithms in the same simulation environment.The results show that the coverage of the algorithm is about 10% higher than that of the classical algorithm,and the number of nodes is reduced by about 20.At the same time,the simulation experiment is carried out for a certain actual environment.The coverage repaired reaches to 96.578 5%.