司法改革背景下巡回法庭制度之审视

A Review of Circuit Court System Under the Background of Judicial Reform

自巡回法庭试点、逐步推行至今,我国司法体制改革方案中的建立巡回法庭制度已基本建成,进入全面实施阶段。一方面,巡回法庭制度的设立有其深厚的历史根源,当前需考察、对比、借鉴相关制度,保持该项制度优越性;另一方面,当前巡回法庭制度对保护和实现当事人合法权益大有裨益,也客观上缓解了最高人民法院的办案压力。但作为一项新生的制度,巡回法庭的设立还存在制度及理念上不成熟之处,需要再度进行审视,进一步完善巡回法庭制度,消解地方保护主义干预司法权;扩大巡回法庭受案范围至重大一、二审刑事案件;进一步厘清实践中最高院与巡回法庭审理案件范围的分歧,真正缓解最高人民法院办案压力;进一步明确巡回法庭的设置初衷,避免担负错位的上访纠纷解决功能。

Since the trial ancl gradual implementation of the circuit courts, the circuit court system proposed in China;s judicial re form plan has basically been established, and has entered the stage of full implementation. On the one hand, clue to its profound history, it is necessary to examine, compare and draw on the ancient or modern relevant systems to maintain the superiority of the circuit court system. On the other hand, the current circuit court system effectively protects and realizes the legitimate rights and interests of litigants, and meanwhile helps relieve the pressure of the Supreme People;s Court. However, as a newborn system, it needs to be examined and reviewed due to some defects in its system and ideas, for the intention of further improvement of the cir cuit court system and elimination of local judicial intervention; it is essential to expand the scope of the circuit courts to the major first and second trial criminal cases, and to further clarify the scope of cases that the Supreme Court and the circuit courts hear, which will fundamentally ease the pressure of the Supreme Court; moreover, it is necessary to further clarify the original intention of the circuit court system in order to avoid misplaced dispute settlement.