定牧草原聚落生态系统视角下草原生态退化机理研究

Study on the Prairie Ecological Degradation from the Perspective of Prairie Human Settlement Ecological System

草场管理方式的改变,放牧制度的主体格局由传统的游牧方式逐步向定牧（定居游牧、定居划区轮牧和定居畜牧）转变。在特定的草场管理和畜牧制度下,定牧之后的草原聚落依附于广袤的草原环境逐渐形成、演化以及发展,形成了一个稳定的“人化”性质比较明显的生态系统。文章从草原聚落生态系统视角出发,对定牧之后的草原生态退化机理进行研究,为改善草原生态环境提供研究依据。

The change of the management mode of grassland, the main pattern of the grazing system has been transformed from the traditional nomadic way to the inhabited herd （settled nomadic, settled grazing and settled animal husbandry）. Under the specific pasture management and animal husbandry system, set after grazing grassland groups attached to the vast grassland environment gradually formed, evolution and development formed a stable nature of ＂humanization＂ of ecosystem. In this paper, the ecological degradation mechanism of grassland is studied from the perspective of grassland settlement ecosystem. The aim is to provide the research basis for the improvement of grassland ecological environment.