文化记忆视角下乡村旅游地的文化研究进展及框架构建

PROGRESS IN CULTURE STUDIES OF RURAL TOURISM DESTINATION AND RESEARCH FRAMEWORK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL MEMORY

乡村旅游地的文化研究一直是旅游地理学关注的重点领域,而乡村文化的恢复与重构更是亟需解决的科学问题。本文从乡村旅游的概念内涵、文化表达与测度、文化保护利用、地方认同、乡村记忆及文化重构等方面对相关文献进行梳理,提出文化记忆理论和旅游人地关系理论视角下乡村旅游地文化的研究框架、内涵和内容。针对已有研究的不足,本文将乡村文化记忆作为分析乡村旅游地文化时空过程的逻辑起点,立足于文化记忆理论关注的文化记忆识别、地方身份认同和文化连续性等核心内容,构建了"时间维度、空间维度、社会维度"的三维研究框架,并据此提出了乡村文化记忆在时间、空间和社会维度的研究内容。为今后进一步丰富文化记忆与旅游地理学的融合,深化乡村旅游地文化研究的理论构建和方法创新,寻求乡村旅游地的文化研究新视角、新方向和新方法提供指导。

The cultural studies of rural tourism destination has always been the focus of tourism geography, but the recovery and reconstruction of rural culture is the scientific problems to be urgently solved. At present, through the literature research of rural tourism destination on the perspective of rural culture, the relevant literatute review was mainly focused on the concept and connotation of rural tourism, cultural influence measure, rural culture protection and utilization, nostalgic tourism and cultural reconstruction, etc. There- fore, the rural cultural memory is referred to as the logical starting point, which researchs rural cultural space process under the perspective of time and space. This paper focuses on the discussion the culture of rural tourism in terms of the research framework, connotation and contents from the perspective of cultural memo- ry theory and tourism human-environment interactions. The article firstly puts forward the concepts of rural cultural memory and rural cultural memory space, and explores the characteristics of space-time correlation, standard constancy, Symbol Interpretive and cultural reconstruction. Based on cultural memory recognition, local identity and cultural continuity of cultural memory theory, the article constructs the three-dimensional research framework including ＂time dimension, spatial dimension and social dimension＂. Specifically, the spatial dimension expresses the spatial vector of rural cultural memory and its spatial coordinates, the social dimension showes the social framework that influences the change of rural cultural memory, and the time dimension illustrates the time scale and dynamic process of rural cultural memory formation and development stage.